SSLC SS ALL Short Answer Questions English
SOCIAL SCIENCE I
Chapter 1: Humanism
Question 1: List two characteristic features of the changes that occurred during the Renaissance period.
Answer:
• Humanistic perspective (Humanism).
• Rationalism.
• (Other valid points include: Growth of urban life, Progress of trade, Rise of nation states, Spread of secular values).
Question 2: Give two reasons why Renaissance originated in Italy.
Answer:
• Cities in Italy were more independent, wealthy, and dynamic.
• Enormous wealth flowed into the Italian cities as a result of trade
links with the Islamic Empire and the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire.
Chapter 2: Liberty Equality Fraternity
Question 3: Write two ways in which the nobles exploited the common people in France.
Answer:
• Corvée: The right to make the common people work for three or four days a year without paying any reward.
• Banalité: The additional tax obtained from the monopoly of wine making
and the rent for the compulsory use of the landlord's facilities for
the manufacture of grape juice, bread, etc.
Chapter 3: Social Analysis: Through Sociological Imagination
Question 4: State two limitations of commonsense knowledge in social analysis.
Answer:
• It provides only partial knowledge.
• It relies on speculations or practices.
• (Other valid points include: It is not based on scientific observations or studies; It bases itself on stereotypes).
Question 5: Mention two characteristics of sociological imagination.
Answer:
• It broadens individual perspective.
• It helps in understanding social issues in depth.
• (Other valid points include: Enables self - reflection; Develops critical thinking).
Chapter 4: Wealth and the World
Question 6: Write two consequences of European geographical explorations.
Answer:
• The Atlantic coast emerged as the most important trade route, leading
to a decline in Mediterranean trade and the rise of Atlantic trade.
• Large parts of the Americas, Africa, and Asia came under European invasion and colonisation.
Chapter 5: Public Opinion in Democracy
Question 7: List two factors that hinder the formation of public opinion.
Answer:
• Illiteracy, as illiterate people have only limited knowledge about public issues.
• Digital Divide, which is the gap in accessing modern information technology.
• (Other valid points include: Poverty; Unhealthy political activity and lack of democracy in political parties).
Chapter 6: Mass Movement for Freedom
Question 8: State two methods adopted during the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Answer:
• Returning titles of honours granted by the British government.
• Advocates boycotting British courts.
• (Other valid points include: Resigning from government jobs; Students
boycotting British-run schools; Boycotting foreign goods).
Question 9: What were the two major actions carried out by revolutionaries under Bhagat Singh's leadership?
Answer:
• A police officer named Saunders, who had participated in the
lathicharge that led to the death of Lala Lajpat Rai, was shot dead.
• A bomb was thrown into the Central Legislative Assembly Hall.
Chapter 7: The Glimpses of Free India
Question 10: List two challenges faced by Independent India.
Answer:
• Rehabilitation of refugees.
• Integration of princely states.
• (Other valid points include: Incorporation of Portuguese and French
territories; Reorganisation of states on a linguistic basis).
Question 11: Mention two milestones of Indian Planning before the First Five-Year Plan (1951).
Answer:
• National Planning Committee appointed in 1938.
• Bombay Plan prepared in 1944.
Chapter 8: Democracy An Indian Experience
Question 12: State two impacts of the Emergency declared in India in 1975.
Answer:
• Opposition party leaders were imprisoned without trial.
• Censorship was imposed on newspapers and news.
• (Other valid points include: The federal system of the constitution
was abolished, concentrating power in the union government; Fundamental
rights were frozen).
Question 13: Write two reasons why the Mandal Commission report holds great significance in Indian democracy.
Answer:
• It helped to ensure the welfare of backward classes.
• Backward classes constitute nearly half of the population.
Chapter 9: Know the Indian Social System
Question 14: List two important features of the caste system that existed in Indian society.
Answer:
• Social Hierarchy: Members of society were ranked into various layers
based on caste, determining an individual’s role, status, and
responsibilities.
• Division of Labour: Specific hereditary occupations were allocated to each caste.
• (Other valid points include: Restrictions on Marriage/Endogamy; Inequality and Marginalisation).
Question 15: Give two examples of how tribal communities contribute to enriching the Indian social system.
Answer:
• They possess valuable knowledge about agriculture, medicine, and biodiversity conservation (Traditional Knowledge).
• They nourish Indian culture through their unique languages, art forms, festivals, music and dance (Arts and Culture).
SOCIAL SCIENCE II
Chapter 1: Weather and Climate
Question 16: List two factors influencing the distribution of temperature.
Answer:
• Latitude: Temperature gradually decreases while moving away from the
equator towards the poles, due to the incidence of sun’s rays being more
inclined.
• Altitude: Atmospheric temperature gradually decreases with increase in altitude, a phenomenon called Normal Lapse Rate.
• (Other valid points include: Differential Heating of Land and Sea; Ocean Currents).
Question 17: List two factors affecting atmospheric pressure.
Answer:
• Temperature: Atmospheric air expands on getting heated and rises up, thus forming low pressure regions.
• Altitude: As the density of atmospheric gases decreases with increase in altitude, atmospheric pressure gradually decreases.
• (Other valid point: Humidity, as atmospheric pressure becomes low because humid air is lighter than dry air).
Chapter 2: Climatic Regions and Climate Change
Question 18: Write two characteristics of the Monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
• It is characterized by long and humid summer and short dry winter.
• The vegetation generally consists of evergreen and deciduous trees, with deciduous trees being more common.
Question 19: State two human activities that contribute to Global Warming.
Answer:
• Burning of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum.
• Industrial effluents and solid waste.
Chapter 3: From The Rainy Forests to The Land of Permafrost
Question 20: Give two reasons why Equatorial evergreen rainforests are called the 'Lungs of the World'.
Answer:
• These forests absorb carbon dioxide at a massive rate.
• These forests produce oxygen at a massive rate.
Question 21: Write two physical challenges faced by the Equatorial climatic region.
Answer:
• The hot and wet climate highly supports the spread of insects and pests, leading to a widespread occurrence of diseases.
• The thick, luxuriant forest hinders the development of this region,
making it too difficult and expensive to construct and maintain roads
and railway lines.
Chapter 4: Consumer: Rights and Protection
Question 22: List two rights of a consumer ensured by consumer laws.
Answer:
• Right to Safety: The right to be protected from those goods and services that pose a threat to life and property.
• Right to Choose: Right to choose goods and services at competitive prices.
• (Other valid points include: Right to Know; Rights to seek Redressal; Right to Consumer Education).
Question 23: What are the two main objectives of the Consumer Protection Movement.
Answer:
• To protect consumer rights.
• To prevent frauds.
• (Other valid points include: To empower consumers; To legislate; To ensure the credibility of advertisements).
Chapter 5: Money and Economy
Question 24: State two general functions of money.
Answer:
• Medium of Exchange: Goods and services can be sold for money, and the
money can be used to purchase the goods and services that are needed.
• Measure of value: The value of all goods can be expressed in monetary terms.
• (Other valid points include: Store of Value; Means of Deferred Payments).
Question 25: List two main functions of commercial banks.
Answer:
• To accept deposits from the public.
• To provide loans.
Chapter 6: The Changing Earth
Question 26: List two examples of endogenic movements.
Answer:
• Earthquakes.
• Volcanism.
• (Other valid points include: Orogenic movements; Epeirogenic movements; Plate tectonics).
Question 27: Write two processes that come under exogenic movements.
Answer:
• Weathering, which involves rocks being mechanically disintegrated or chemically decomposed.
• Erosion, where rock fragments are moved from one place to another.
• (Other valid points include: Transportation; Deposition; Mass Wasting).
Chapter 7: Indian Economy: Growth and Transformation
Question 28: State two main objectives of the NITI Aayog.
Answer:
• To create a vision for India's development priorities and plans.
• To promote sustainable development and inclusive growth.
• (Other valid points include: To promote economic growth through innovation, entrepreneurship, and job creation).
Question 29: List two important factors that led India to the Economic Reforms of 1991.
Answer:
• The economic crisis in India caused by a high fiscal deficit and a decline in foreign exchange reserves.
• Inefficiency of the public sector.
• (Other valid points include: Changes in the world market/Arguments in
favour of the free market; The conditions imposed by the World Bank and
IMF).
Chapter 8: Towards Sustainability
Question 30: Differentiate between ubiquitous and localised resources.
Answer:
• Ubiquitous resources are those found everywhere (e.g., air, solar energy).
• Localised resources are those found only in certain parts of the world (e.g., metal ores, fossil fuels).
Question 31: Give two reasons why non-renewable energy resources should be conserved.
Answer:
• Their reserves will diminish with use and may eventually disappear from the Earth forever.
• The uncontrolled use of these resources could lead to a major energy crisis in the future.
